@article{17191,
  author = {Ninomiya T. and Witteman J. and Brugts J. and Isaacs A. and van Duijn C. and Akkerhuis K. and Uitterlinden A. and Ceconi C. and Remme W. and Fox K. and Ferrari R. and Danser A. and de Maat M. and Boersma E. and Bertrand M. and Simoons M. and Cambien F. and Harrap S. and Chalmers J. and Macmahon S},
  title = {A pharmacogenetic analysis of determinants of hypertension and blood pressure response to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor therapy in patients with vascular disease and healthy individuals},
  abstract = {<p>
AIMS: To investigate whether genetic variation in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and kallikrein-bradykinin pathways is related to hypertension and blood pressure (BP) response to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy in stable coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 8907 stable CAD patients from the EUROPA trial, 52 haplotype-tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 12 candidate genes within the RAAS and kallikrein-bradykinin pathways were investigated for association with hypertension (defined as BP &gt;/=160/95 mmHg or use of antihypertensives) and BP response to ACE inhibitors, during a 4-week run-in period. All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index and creatinine clearance and corrected for multiple testing. RESULTS: Hypertension was present in 28.3% of the patients (n = 2526); median BP reduction after perindopril was 10/4 mmHg. Four polymorphisms, located in the ACE (rs4291), angiotensinogen (rs5049) and (pro)renin receptor (rs2968915; rs5981008) genes were significantly associated with hypertension in two vascular disease populations of CAD (EUROPA) and cerebrovascular disease (PROGRESS; n = 3571). A cumulative profile demonstrated a stepwise increase in the prevalence of hypertension, mounting to a 2-3-fold increase (P for trend &lt;0.001). Similar associations on hypertension were observed for angiotensinogen in a healthy population (n = 2197). In addition, genetic polymorphisms were identified that significantly modified the BP reduction by ACE inhibitor therapy; however, the observed BP differences were small and did not remain significant after permutation analysis. CONCLUSION: This large genetic association study identified genetic determinants of hypertension in three cohorts of patients with vascular disease and healthy individuals.
</p>
},
  year = {2011},
  journal = {Journal of Hypertension},
  volume = {29},
  edition = {2010/12/16},
  number = {3},
  pages = {509-19},
  isbn = {1473-5598 (Electronic)0263-6352 (Linking)},
  note = {Brugts, Jasper JIsaacs, Aaronde Maat, Moniek PmBoersma, Ericvan Duijn, Cock MAkkerhuis, K MartijnUitterlinden, Andre GWitteman, Jacqueline CmCambien, FrancoisCeconi, ClaudioRemme, WillemBertrand, MichelNinomiya, ToshiharuHarrap, StephenChalmers, JohnMacmahon, StephenFox, KimFerrari, RobertoSimoons, Maarten LDanser, Ah JanResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tEnglandJournal of hypertensionJ Hypertens. 2011 Mar;29(3):509-19.},
  language = {eng},
}