@article{22698,
  keywords = {Humans, Risk Factors, Risk Assessment, Kidney Diseases, Cardiovascular Diseases, Global Health, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Kidney},
  author = {Matsushita Kunihiro and Jee Sun and Coresh Josef and Banerjee Amitava and Basu Sanjay and Cirillo Massimo and Dandona Lalit and Dandona Rakhi and Forouzanfar Mohammad and Jonas Jost and Kengne Andre and Khang Young-Ho and Kokubo Yoshihiro and Mendoza Walter and Naghavi Mohsen and Ohkubo Takayoshi and Sawhney Monika and Toyoshima Hideaki and Vollset Stein and Vos Theo and Yonemoto Naohiro and Murray Christopher and Mok Yejin and Jha V. and Thomas Bernadette and Abate Kalkidan and Al-Aly Ziyad and Ärnlöv Johan and Asayama Kei and Atkins Robert and Badawi Alaa and Ballew Shoshana and Barregård Lars and Barrett-Connor Elizabeth and Bello Aminu and Bensenor Isabela and Bergstrom Jaclyn and Bikbov Boris and Blosser Christopher and Brenner Hermann and Carrero Juan-Jesus and Chadban Steve and Cortinovis Monica and Courville Karen and Estep Kara and Fernandes João and Fischer Florian and Fox Caroline and Gansevoort Ron and Gona Philimon and Gutierrez Orlando and Hamidi Samer and Hanson Sarah and Himmelfarb Jonathan and Jassal Simerjot and Jimenez-Corona Aida and Khader Yousef and Kim Yun and Klein Barbara and Klein Ronald and Kolte Dhaval and Lee Kristine and Levey Andrew and Li Yongmei and Lotufo Paulo and Razek Hassan and Metoki Hirohito and Muraki Isao and Muntner Paul and Noda Hiroyuki and Ortiz Alberto and Perico Norberto and Polkinghorne Kevan and Al-Radaddi Rajaa and Remuzzi Giuseppe and Roth Gregory and Rothenbacher Dietrich and Satoh Michihiro and Saum Kai-Uwe and Schöttker Ben and Shankar Anoop and Shlipak Michael and Silva Diego and Ukwaja Kingsley and Umesawa Mitsumasa and Warnock David and Werdecker Andrea and Yamagishi Kazumasa and Yano Yuichiro and Zaki Maysaa and Global Burden of Disease 2013 GFR Collaborators and CKD Prognosis Consortium and Global Burden of Disease Genitourinary Expert Group},
  title = {Global Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes of Reduced GFR.},
  abstract = {<p>
The burden of premature death and health loss from ESRD is well described. Less is known regarding the burden of cardiovascular disease attributable to reduced GFR. We estimated the prevalence of reduced GFR categories 3, 4, and 5 (not on RRT) for 188 countries at six time points from 1990 to 2013. Relative risks of cardiovascular outcomes by three categories of reduced GFR were calculated by pooled random effects meta-analysis. Results are presented as deaths for outcomes of cardiovascular disease and ESRD and as disability-adjusted life years for outcomes of cardiovascular disease, GFR categories 3, 4, and 5, and ESRD. In 2013, reduced GFR was associated with 4% of deaths worldwide, or 2.2 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval [95% UI], 2.0 to 2.4 million). More than half of these attributable deaths were cardiovascular deaths (1.2 million; 95% UI, 1.1 to 1.4 million), whereas 0.96 million (95% UI, 0.81 to 1.0 million) were ESRD-related deaths. Compared with metabolic risk factors, reduced GFR ranked below high systolic BP, high body mass index, and high fasting plasma glucose, and similarly with high total cholesterol as a risk factor for disability-adjusted life years in both developed and developing world regions. In conclusion, by 2013, cardiovascular deaths attributed to reduced GFR outnumbered ESRD deaths throughout the world. Studies are needed to evaluate the benefit of early detection of CKD and treatment to decrease these deaths.
</p>
},
  year = {2017},
  journal = {J Am Soc Nephrol},
  volume = {28},
  pages = {2167-2179},
  issn = {1533-3450},
  doi = {10.1681/ASN.2016050562},
  language = {eng},
}