03464nas a2200373   4500000000100000008004100001100001500042700001200057700001500069700001600084700001600100700001800116700001400134700001600148700001400164700001300178700001300191700001400204700001400218700001600232700001600248700001400264700001400278700001500292700001800307700001400325700001400339700001500353245013100368250001500499050001800514520250700532020005103039       2016                            d1 aZoungas S.1 aWong G.1 aPoulter N.1 aKingwell B.1 aSullivan D.1 aWoodward Mark1 aNestel P.1 aWilliams B.1 aHillis G.1 aMarre M.1 aSimes J.1 aTonkin A.1 aRodgers A1 aChalmers J.1 aAlshehry Z.1 aMundra P.1 aBarlow C.1 aMellett N.1 aMcConville M.1 aBarnes E.1 aMeikle P.1 aNeal Bruce00aPlasma Lipidomic Profiles Improve Upon Traditional Risk Factors for the Prediction of Cardiovascular Events in Type 2 Diabetes  a2016/10/21  a[IF}]: 14.4303 a<p>
BACKGROUND: -Clinical lipid measurements do not show the full complexity of the altered lipid metabolism associated with diabetes or cardiovascular disease. Lipidomics enables the assessment of hundreds of lipid species as potential markers for disease risk. METHODS: -Plasma lipid species (310) were measured by a targeted lipidomic analysis with liquid chromatography electrospray ionisation-tandem mass spectrometry on a case-cohort (n=3,779) subset from the ADVANCE (Action in Diabetes and Vascular disease: preterAx and diamicroN-MR Controlled Evaluation) trial. The-case cohort was 61% male with a mean age of 67. All participants had type 2 diabetes mellitus with one or more additional cardiovascular risk factors and 35% had a history of macrovascular disease. Weighted Cox regression was used to identify lipid species associated with future cardiovascular events (non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke and cardiovascular death) and cardiovascular death during a five year follow-up period. Multivariable models combining traditional risk factors with lipid species were optimized using the Akaike information criteria. C-statistics and net reclassification indices (NRI) were calculated within a five-fold cross validation framework. RESULTS: -Sphingolipids, phospholipids (including lyso- and ether- species), cholesteryl esters and glycerolipids were associated with future cardiovascular events and cardiovascular death. The addition of 7 lipid species to a base model (14 traditional risk factors and medications) to predict cardiovascular events increased the C-statistic from 0.680 (95% CI, 0.678-0.682) to 0.700 (95% CI, 0.698-0.702, p&lt;0.0001) with a corresponding continuous NRI of 0.227 (95% CI, 0.219-0.235). The prediction of cardiovascular death was improved with the incorporation of 4 lipid species to the base model, showing an increase in the C-statistic from 0.740 (95% CI, 0.738-0.742) to 0.760 (95% CI, 0.757-0.762, p&lt;0.0001) and a continuous NRI of 0.328 (95%CI, 0.317-0.339). The results were validated in a subcohort with type 2 diabetes (n=511) from the LIPID (The Long-Term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease) trial. CONCLUSIONS: -The improvement in the prediction of cardiovascular events, above traditional risk factors, demonstrates the potential of plasma lipid species as biomarkers for cardiovascular risk stratification in diabetes. Clinical Trial Registration-https://clinicaltrials.gov; Identifier: NCT00145925.
</p>
  a1524-4539 (Electronic)<br/>0009-7322 (Linking)