@article{17341,
  author = {Grobbee D. and Travert F. and de Galan Bastiaan and Lisheng L. and Dufouil C. and Woodward Mark and Zoungas Sophia and Pillai A. and Poulter N. and Anderson Craig and Hamet P. and Mancia G. and Heller S. and Cooper M. and Pan C. and J Chalmers and Hackett M and Neal Bruce and Patel Anushka and Macmahon S},
  title = {Cognitive function and risks of cardiovascular disease and hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes: the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial},
  abstract = {<p>
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The relationship between cognitive function, cardiovascular disease and premature death is not well established in patients with type 2 diabetes. We assessed the effects of cognitive function in 11,140 patients with type 2 diabetes who participated in the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Diamicron Modified Release Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) trial. Furthermore, we tested whether level of cognitive function altered the beneficial effects of the BP-lowering and glycaemic-control regimens in the trial. METHODS: Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination at baseline, and defined by scores 28-30 ('normal', n = 8,689), 24-27 ('mild dysfunction', n = 2,231) and &lt;24 ('severe dysfunction', n = 212). Risks of major cardiovascular events, death and hypoglycaemia and interactions with treatment were assessed using Cox proportional hazards analysis. RESULTS: Relative to normal function, both mild and severe cognitive dysfunction significantly increased the multiple-adjusted risks of major cardiovascular events (HR 1.27, 95% CI 1.11-1.46 and 1.42, 95% CI 1.01-1.99; both p &lt; 0.05), cardiovascular death (1.41, 95% CI 1.16-1.71 and 1.56, 95% CI 0.99-2.46; both p
</p>
},
  year = {2009},
  journal = {Diabetologia},
  volume = {52},
  edition = {2009/08/19},
  number = {11},
  pages = {2328-36},
  isbn = {1432-0428 (Electronic)0012-186X (Linking)},
  note = {de Galan, B EZoungas, SChalmers, JAnderson, CDufouil, CPillai, ACooper, MGrobbee, D EHackett, MHamet, PHeller, S RLisheng, LMacmahon, SMancia, GNeal, BPan, C YPatel, APoulter, NTravert, FWoodward, MADVANCE Collaborative GroupResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tGermanyDiabetologiaDiabetologia. 2009 Nov;52(11):2328-36. Epub 2009 Aug 18.},
  language = {eng},
}