02282nas a2200229   4500000000100000008004100001260001700042100001500059700001400074700001400088700001800102700001300120700001900133700001300152700001800165245011600183250001500299300001200314490000600326520167400332020004602006       2011                            d  c-482229393071 aScialla J.1 aBeddhu S.1 aParekh R.1 aWoodward Mark1 aAstor B.1 aAnderson Craig1 aAppel L.1 aMiller E. III00aEstimated net endogenous Acid production and serum bicarbonate in african americans with chronic kidney disease  a2011/06/28  a1526-320 v63 a<p>
SummaryBackground and objectives Metabolic acidosis may contribute to morbidity and disease progression in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The ratio of dietary protein, the major source of nonvolatile acid, to dietary potassium, which is naturally bound to alkali precursors, can be used to estimate net endogenous acid production (NEAP). We tested the association between estimated NEAP and serum bicarbonate in patients with CKD. Design, setting, participants, &amp; measurements NEAP was estimated among 462 African American adults with hypertensive CKD using published equations: NEAP (mEq/d) = -10.2 + 54.5 (protein [g/d]/potassium [mEq/d]). Dietary protein and potassium intake were estimated from 24-hour urinary excretion of urea nitrogen and potassium, respectively. All of the eligible measurements during follow-up were modeled using generalized linear regression clustered by participant and adjusted for demographics, 24-hour urinary sodium, kidney function, and selected medications. Results Higher NEAP was associated with lower serum bicarbonate in a graded fashion (P trend &lt; 0.001). Serum bicarbonate was 1.27 mEq/L lower among those in the highest compared with the lowest quartile of NEAP (P &lt; 0.001). There was a greater difference in serum bicarbonate between the highest and lowest quartiles of NEAP among patients with stage 4/5 CKD (-2.43 mEq/L, P &lt; 0.001) compared with those with stage 2/3 disease (-0.77 mEq/L, P = 0.01; P-interaction = 0.02). Conclusions Reducing NEAP, through reduction of dietary protein and increased intake of fruits and vegetables, may prevent metabolic acidosis in patients with CKD.
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