02633nas a2200313   4500000000100000008004100001100001500042700001700057700001400074700001400088700001300102700001200115700002000127700001200147700001800159700001500177700001200192700001500204700001500219700001400234700001500248700001800263245014900281250001500430300001100445490000600456520181100462020004602273       2011                            d1 aGrobbee D.1 aBerwanger O.1 aRafter N.1 aNeaton J.1 aGrimm R.1 aThom S.1 aS. Hoorn Vander1 aBots M.1 aReddy Srinath1 aPoulter N.1 aRaju P.1 aJackson R.1 aWebster R.1 aRodgers A1 aNeal Bruce1 aPatel Anushka00aAn international randomised placebo-controlled trial of a four-component combination pill ("polypill") in people with raised cardiovascular risk  a2011/06/08  ae198570 v63 a<p>
BACKGROUND: There has been widespread interest in the potential of combination cardiovascular medications containing aspirin and agents to lower blood pressure and cholesterol ('polypills') to reduce cardiovascular disease. However, no reliable placebo-controlled data are available on both efficacy and tolerability. METHODS: We conducted a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of a polypill (containing aspirin 75 mg, lisinopril 10 mg, hydrochlorothiazide 12.5 mg and simvastatin 20 mg) in 378 individuals without an indication for any component of the polypill, but who had an estimated 5-year cardiovascular disease risk over 7.5%. The primary outcomes were systolic blood pressure (SBP), LDL-cholesterol and tolerability (proportion discontinued randomised therapy) at 12 weeks follow-up. FINDINGS: At baseline, mean BP was 134/81 mmHg and mean LDL-cholesterol was 3.7 mmol/L. Over 12 weeks, polypill treatment reduced SBP by 9.9 (95% CI: 7.7 to 12.1) mmHg and LDL-cholesterol by 0.8 (95% CI 0.6 to 0.9) mmol/L. The discontinuation rates in the polypill group compared to placebo were 23% vs 18% (RR 1.33, 95% CI 0.89 to 2.00, p = 0.2). There was an excess of side effects known to the component medicines (58% vs 42%, p = 0.001), which was mostly apparent within a few weeks, and usually did not warrant cessation of trial treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This polypill achieved sizeable reductions in SBP and LDL-cholesterol but caused side effects in about 1 in 6 people. The halving in predicted cardiovascular risk is moderately lower than previous estimates and the side effect rate is moderately higher. Nonetheless, substantial net benefits would be expected among patients at high risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12607000099426.
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