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Antibiotics for preventing wound infections after snakebite

Background Snakebite is a public health problem in South Asia, Africa and South America, leading to at least 138,000 deaths and 8,076,000 disability-adjusted life years, being lost every year. A lot of focus of research on snakebite is focussed on anti-venom with other adjunct therapies mostly neglected. Wound infections in snakebite patients are an important problem for clinicians with some studies reporting infection rates up to 70%. There is considerable clinical equipoise on the routing use of antibiotics for preventing infection in snakebite wounds. While some clinical practice guidelines (of poor quality) recommend against using antibiotics routinely, many clinicians continue to use it prophylactically citing concerns about infection. An overview of systematic review conducted by researchers in The George Institute for Global Health, India and published in 2020 in PloS Neglected Tropical Diseases found that there are systematic reviews on wound infections for snakebite. Aim To assess the effect

INTERventions to Correct Errors and Protect children Through child restraintS (Intercept): Task Analysis

Background When used correctly, child car restraint systems are highly effective in reducing death and injury among children involved in car crashes.1 However, incorrect use of restraints is a widespread and long-standing unsolved problem affecting more than 50% of children travelling in cars.2 To date, work has focused on ensuring correct use of child restraints at the time of installation. However, ongoing information is required to ensure children are correctly restrained as they grow, as the type of restraint used changes. This study will explore the skills, knowledge, and motivation that parents require in the on-going correct use of child restraints. 1. Du W, Finch CF, Hayen A, Bilston L, Brown J, Hatfield J. Relative benefits of population-level interventions targeting restraint-use in child car passengers. Pediatrics. 2010;125(2):304-12. 2. Brown J, Hatfield J, Du W, Finch CF, Bilston LE. The characteristics of incorrect restraint use among children traveling in cars. Traffic Injury Preventi

INTERCEPTinG: INTERventions to Correct Errors and Protect children Through child restraints - Group discussion

Background When used correctly, child car restraint systems are highly effective in reducing death and injury among children involved in car crashes.1 However, incorrect use of restraints is a widespread and long-standing unsolved problem affecting more than 50% of children travelling in cars.2 Ongoing correct use requires caregivers to correctly install the restraint in every vehicle in which the child travels, and ensure the child is correctly secured within the restraint on every trip. This impacts every child in Australia, who by law must use a dedicated restraint at least until age 7. For children ≥7 years, parents can choose the Australian Standard-certified restraint that best suits their child, such as seat belts or a booster seat. To date, work has focused on ensuring correct use of child restraints at the time of installation. However, ongoing information is required to ensure children are correctly restrained as they grow, as the type of restraint used changes. These include challenges ensu

ImPaCt Study - Evaluating the effectiveness of consumer-driven product Information to Promote Correct use of child restraint systems in cars

Background When used correctly, child car restraint systems are highly effective in reducing death and injury among children involved in car crashes.1 However, incorrect use of restraints is a widespread and long-standing unsolved problem affecting more than 50% of children travelling in cars.2 To date, work has focused on ensuring correct use of child restraints at the time of installation. This study will compare how different types of product information impact correct use of child car seats. 1. Du W, Finch CF, Hayen A, Bilston L, Brown J, Hatfield J. Relative benefits of population-level interventions targeting restraint-use in child car passengers. Pediatrics. 2010;125(2):304-12. 2. Brown J, Hatfield J, Du W, Finch CF, Bilston LE. The characteristics of incorrect restraint use among children traveling in cars. Traffic Injury Prevention. 2010 11(4):391-8 Aim This research aims to examine the effectiveness of new guidelines developed by child car seat manufactures (based off consumer design

Randomised controlled trials in India: a systematic mapping

Background Evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is vital for enabling healthcare providers and policymakers to make informed decisions about healthcare. RCTs are considered the ‘gold standard’ for evaluating the effectiveness of interventions because they represent the highest level of evidence due to the ability to control bias at multiple levels. The applicability and generalisability of evidence generated in other parts of the world to India has limitations. As such high quality RCTs are required to improve clinical care and build a culture of evidence-based medicines. With resources being limited there is a need to prioritise funding decisions. To inform research prioritisation and science policy related to clinical trials there is a need to understand the landscape of existing randomised controlled trials. Aim To systematically map randomised controlled trials (RCTs) from India Method We will identify published RCTs conducted among Indians, irrespective of the type of i

Availability of Individual Participant Data of clinical trials

Background Sharing of clinical trial data to improve transparency and enable data re-analysis is on the rise globally. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis offers an enhanced scope of in-depth analysis, including but not limited to understand how participant-level covariates might affect treatment effects. A key challenge for evidence synthesis specialists conducting IPD meta-analysis is the availability of de-identified participant-level data from clinical trials. Aim To examine how information on individual participant data availability is captured in different clinical trial registries To analyse the intent of individual participant data sharing in records from clinical trial registries Research Methodology We will search for and analyse data related to individual participant data availability in clinical trial registries. Potential Impact The results of the meta-research project will offer information to inform policies to inform the availability of individual partic

General practice data and electronic clinical decision support

Policy & Practice Report

Future focused primary health care: Australia’s Primary Health Care 10 Year Plan 2022-2032

Policy & Practice Report

Community based interventions for snakebite

Background Snakebite is a neglected tropical disease with almost all its burden being concentrated in South Asia and Africa. Every year 81,000–138,000 people die due to snakebite globally, almost half of them in India. The World Health Organisation has in 2019 developed a strategy to address the burden of snakebite. It has four pillars: empower and engage communities. ensure safe, effective treatment. strengthen health systems. increase partnerships, coordination and resource sharing. While community-based interventions are very common there is no evidence synthesis on the effectiveness of it. The current project fills this gap. Aim To assess the effectiveness of community-based interventions for addressing the burden of snakebite Research Methodology Community based interventions for snakebite represents a complex public health intervention. The project will focus on conduct of a high-quality systematic review of intervention studies, in accordance with broad principles and

The George Institute joins the Brands Off Our Kids! campaign

Policy & Practice Report

Research priority setting as a tool for justice and fairness in climate and health knowledge ecosystem

BackgroundResearch priority setting (RPS) exercises are a collective activity, used to determine which research topics or questions should be prioritised. This process helps allocate resources effectively and ensures that research efforts address the most pressing and relevant issues. However currently RPS exercises are conceptualised as a tool to reach consensus on what research should be prioritised, but in a justice blind manner. AimWe aim to bring a paradigm shift in how RPS is conceptualised and conducted by developing a conceptual framework to use RPS as a tool to enable justice and fairness in the climate and health knowledge ecosystemResearch MethodologyWe will use a multitude of methods, in an iterative manner to allow for effective integration of methods from different knowledge systems. The methods we will use are in-depth interviews, yarning (an Indigenous methodology), nominal group technique meetings, and a systematic review of existing RPS on climate change and health with a justice and eq

Submission to the Australian Government consultation on Australia’s draft ninth periodic report under Article 18 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)

Policy & Practice Report